Python Generator Find Files With Wildcard

February 13, 2018February 13, 2018 adminLeave a comment

This is a neat way to generate file names in a directory that match a specific pattern, I use this to generate a list of files exported out of hive to load into S3.

def find_files(directory, pattern):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
        for basename in sorted(files):
            if fnmatch.fnmatch(basename, pattern):
                filename = os.path.join(root, basename)
                yield filename

def find_files(directory, pattern):

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):

for basename in sorted(files):

if fnmatch.fnmatch(basename, pattern):

filename = os.path.join(root, basename)

yield filename

local_dir = '/mnt/share/etl/date/'
for files in find_files(local_dir,'*.gz'):
    key = files[1:]
    try:
        awss3.upload(key,files)
        log_msg = ('uploading file: [{0}] to S3').format(files)
        log.write(log_msg)
    except Exception as e:
        log_msg = ('ERROR: {0} uploading file: [{0}] to S3').format(e,files)
        log.write(log_msg, 'error')

local_dir = '/mnt/share/etl/date/'

for files in find_files(local_dir,'*.gz'):

key = files[1:]

try:

awss3.upload(key,files)

log_msg = ('uploading file: [{0}] to S3').format(files)

log.write(log_msg)

except Exception as e:

log_msg = ('ERROR: {0} uploading file: [{0}] to S3').format(e,files)

log.write(log_msg, 'error')

Python3 Subprocess and Rsync Deadlock Strace Timeout

February 11, 2018October 9, 2019 admin1 Comment

I recently came across a tough to debug issue where I was calling a shell script from python using the subprocess module, this shell script called rsync, no matter what I would always run into a timeout situation. I fired up strace and noticed that the process was in a timeout state.

select(4, NULL, [3], [3], {60, 0}) = 0 (Timeout)

I looked at the subprocess documentation and apparently using pipes will fill the system pipe buffer.

Warning

This will deadlock when using stdout=PIPE and/or stderr=PIPE and the child process generates enough output to a pipe such that it blocks waiting for the OS pipe buffer to accept more data. Use communicate() to avoid that.

I was baffled, I finally took the approach to eliminate stderr and stdout and just check the return status of the command using run(). Here is what I finally came up with, and all was well.

stdbuf -oL -e0 /usr/local/bin/rsync --outbuf=N -avz

1	stdbuf -oL -e0 /usr/local/bin/rsync --outbuf=N -avz

def execute_jobs(cmd):
     try:
         logger.info('Start Command: [%s]' % cmd)
         subprocess.run(shlex.split(cmd), check=True)
         logger.info('Command Success: [%s]' % cmd)
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         logger.critical('[%s] FATAL: Command failed with error [%s]' % (cmd,e))

def execute_jobs(cmd):

try:

logger.info('Start Command: [%s]' % cmd)

subprocess.run(shlex.split(cmd), check=True)

logger.info('Command Success: [%s]' % cmd)

except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:

logger.critical('[%s] FATAL: Command failed with error [%s]' % (cmd,e))

Hope you find this and it helps you.

Amazon Redshift Long Running Query Alert to Slack

September 16, 2017January 31, 2020 adminLeave a comment

This python code when called with a user that can query the STV_RECENTS table will check the duration on a current running query against the threshold set by the config in microseconds and send an alert to slack if it exceeds 30 minutes. I have it cronned up and running every 30 minutes.

CLI example:

[Prompt#]>python rs_long_running_query_alert.py

1	[Prompt#]>python rs_long_running_query_alert.py

You will need slackclient:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/slackclient
You will need psycopg2:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2

#!/usr/bin/python2.6
__author__ = "Jason Ralph"

from datetime import timedelta
import os
import psycopg2
import ConfigParser
from slackclient import SlackClient
slack_token = os.environ["SLACK_API_TOKEN"]
sc = SlackClient(slack_token)


config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.read(('%s/qa.ini') % (os.environ['QA_INI_PATH']))
config.sections()

# redshift
rs_host = config.get('redshift', 'hostname')
rs_port = config.get('redshift', 'port')
rs_database = config.get('redshift', 'database')
rs_sys_user = config.get('redshift', 'sys_user')
rs_sys_pass = config.get('redshift', 'sys_password')
rs_app_lq_thresh = config.get('redshift', 'lq_app_threshold')


"""
Get running queries over set threshold set in config in microseconds.
"""


def get_long_running_queries():
    try:
        conn = psycopg2.connect(("dbname=%s user=%s host=%s password=%s port=%s") %
                                (rs_database, rs_sys_user, rs_host, rs_sys_pass, rs_port))
    except psycopg2.Error as e:
        print e

    cast_thresh = int(rs_app_lq_thresh)
    sql = ("select userid, \
                   status, \
                   starttime, \
                   duration, \
                   user_name, \
                   db_name, \
                   query, \
                   pid from stv_recents \
                   where duration >= %s and status='Running';") % cast_thresh
    cursor = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
    cursor.execute(sql)
    count = 0

    while True:
        row = cursor.fetchone()
        if row is None:
            break
        userid =    row['userid']
        status =    row['status']
        starttime = row['starttime']
        duration =  row['duration']
        user_name = row['user_name']
        db_name =   row['db_name']
        query =     row['query']
        pid =       row['pid']
        human_date_string = timedelta(microseconds=duration)

        if (user_name == 'user_1'
            or user_name == 'user_2'
            or user_name == 'user_3' and duration >= rs_app_lq_thresh):
            count += 1
            msg_items = []
            msg_items.append('%s: App Limit Breached - Long Running Query Alert\n' % rs_database)
            msg_items.append('PID: %s\n' % pid)
            msg_items.append('COUNT: %s\n' % count)
            msg_items.append('USERID: %s\n' % userid)
            msg_items.append('STATUS: %s\n' % status)
            msg_items.append('STARTTIME: %s\n' % starttime)
            msg_items.append('DURATION: %s\n' % human_date_string)
            msg_items.append('USER_NAME: %s\n' % user_name)
            msg_items.append('DB_NAME: %s\n' % db_name)
            msg_items.append('QUERY: %s' % query)
            msg = ''.join(msg_items)
            sc.api_call('chat.postMessage', channel='#python', text="'%s' :tada:") % msg
    conn.close()


def main():
    get_long_running_queries()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python2.6

__author__ = "Jason Ralph"

from datetime import timedelta

import os

import psycopg2

import ConfigParser

from slackclient import SlackClient

slack_token = os.environ["SLACK_API_TOKEN"]

sc = SlackClient(slack_token)

config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

config.read(('%s/qa.ini') % (os.environ['QA_INI_PATH']))

config.sections()

# redshift

rs_host = config.get('redshift', 'hostname')

rs_port = config.get('redshift', 'port')

rs_database = config.get('redshift', 'database')

rs_sys_user = config.get('redshift', 'sys_user')

rs_sys_pass = config.get('redshift', 'sys_password')

rs_app_lq_thresh = config.get('redshift', 'lq_app_threshold')

"""

Get running queries over set threshold set in config in microseconds.

"""

def get_long_running_queries():

try:

conn = psycopg2.connect(("dbname=%s user=%s host=%s password=%s port=%s") %

(rs_database, rs_sys_user, rs_host, rs_sys_pass, rs_port))

except psycopg2.Error as e:

print e

cast_thresh = int(rs_app_lq_thresh)

sql = ("select userid, \

status, \

starttime, \

duration, \

user_name, \

db_name, \

query, \

pid from stv_recents \

where duration >= %s and status='Running';") % cast_thresh

cursor = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)

cursor.execute(sql)

count = 0

while True:

row = cursor.fetchone()

if row is None:

break

userid = row['userid']

status = row['status']

starttime = row['starttime']

duration = row['duration']

user_name = row['user_name']

db_name = row['db_name']

query = row['query']

pid = row['pid']

human_date_string = timedelta(microseconds=duration)

if (user_name == 'user_1'

or user_name == 'user_2'

or user_name == 'user_3' and duration >= rs_app_lq_thresh):

count += 1

msg_items = []

msg_items.append('%s: App Limit Breached - Long Running Query Alert\n' % rs_database)

msg_items.append('PID: %s\n' % pid)

msg_items.append('COUNT: %s\n' % count)

msg_items.append('USERID: %s\n' % userid)

msg_items.append('STATUS: %s\n' % status)

msg_items.append('STARTTIME: %s\n' % starttime)

msg_items.append('DURATION: %s\n' % human_date_string)

msg_items.append('USER_NAME: %s\n' % user_name)

msg_items.append('DB_NAME: %s\n' % db_name)

msg_items.append('QUERY: %s' % query)

msg = ''.join(msg_items)

sc.api_call('chat.postMessage', channel='#python', text="'%s' :tada:") % msg

conn.close()

def main():

get_long_running_queries()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

INI file:

[redshift]
hostname = redshift.amazonaws.com
port = 5439
database = redshift
user = user
password = password
schema = public
sys_user = rs_sys
sys_password = password
lq_app_threshold = 3600000000

[redshift]

hostname = redshift.amazonaws.com

port = 5439

database = redshift

user = user

password = password

schema = public

sys_user = rs_sys

sys_password = password

lq_app_threshold = 3600000000

Slack message example:

'db-redshift' APP [10:15 AM] 
redshift_dev: Long Running Query Alert
PID: 10723
COUNT: 1
USERID: 100
STATUS: Running             
STARTTIME: 2017-09-16 11:00:01.417040
DURATION: 3:15:00.735017
USER_NAME: admin                                             
DB_NAME: database                                      
QUERY: vacuum;

'db-redshift' APP [10:15 AM]

redshift_dev: Long Running Query Alert

PID: 10723

COUNT: 1

USERID: 100

STATUS: Running

STARTTIME: 2017-09-16 11:00:01.417040

DURATION: 3:15:00.735017

USER_NAME: admin

DB_NAME: database

QUERY: vacuum;

Nagios Python Plugin Check If File Is Stale

July 27, 2017 adminLeave a comment

Wrote this simple plugin to check if a log file was stale on a server using nagios and nrpe. This plugin checks multiple files with the app. naming convention.

#!/usr/bin/env python

__author__ = "Jason Ralph"

""" IMPORTS """
import datetime
import time
import re
import sys
import os
import optparse
import os.path
import glob

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """
nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,
                'NagWarn': 1,
                'NagCrit': 2,
                'NagUnkown': 3}

def main():
    for file in glob.glob('/var/log/httpd/app.*'):
        now = datetime.datetime.now()
        then = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(file))
        tdelta = now - then
        if not file:
            print("OK: Waiting for file")
            sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])
        elif tdelta > datetime.timedelta(days=1):
            print("CRIT: %s: Is greater then %s") % (file, tdelta)
            sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])
        else:
            print("OK: NOW: %s - THEN: %s - DELTA: %s" ) % (now, then, tdelta)
            sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/env python

__author__ = "Jason Ralph"

""" IMPORTS """

import datetime

import time

import re

import sys

import os

import optparse

import os.path

import glob

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """

nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,

'NagWarn': 1,

'NagCrit': 2,

'NagUnkown': 3}

def main():

for file in glob.glob('/var/log/httpd/app.*'):

now = datetime.datetime.now()

then = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(file))

tdelta = now - then

if not file:

print("OK: Waiting for file")

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])

elif tdelta > datetime.timedelta(days=1):

print("CRIT: %s: Is greater then %s") % (file, tdelta)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

else:

print("OK: NOW: %s - THEN: %s - DELTA: %s" ) % (now, then, tdelta)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

POSTGRES – Top 100 Tables In Tablespace

May 30, 2017May 30, 2017 adminLeave a comment

I had a situation where I needed to find the top 100 largest tables in a certain tablespace on a postgres 9 database, in my case we archive tables into an archive1 tablespace. This query will find all the largest relations in the archive1 tablespace. Its important to swap out ‘archive1’ with whatever tablespace you are trying to list.

SELECT N.nspname || '.' || C.relname AS "relation",
    CASE WHEN reltype = 0
        THEN pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' (index)'
        ELSE pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' (' ||  pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' data)'
    END AS "size (data)",
    COALESCE(T.tablespace, I.tablespace, '') AS "tablespace"
FROM pg_class C
LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON  (N.oid = C.relnamespace)
LEFT JOIN pg_tables T ON (T.tablename = C.relname)
LEFT JOIN pg_indexes I ON (I.indexname = C.relname)
LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace TS ON TS.spcname = T.tablespace
LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace XS ON XS.spcname = I.tablespace
WHERE nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog','pg_toast','information_schema') 
AND COALESCE(T.tablespace, I.tablespace, '') = 'archive1'
ORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(C.oid) DESC LIMIT 100;
                          relation                          |         size (data)          | tablespace
------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+------------
 public.table1                                              | 172 GB (148 GB data)         | archive1
 public.table2                                              | 171 GB (147 GB data)         | archive1
 public.table3                                              | 32 GB (32 GB data)           | archive1

--SNIP--

SELECT N.nspname || '.' || C.relname AS "relation",

CASE WHEN reltype = 0

THEN pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' (index)'

ELSE pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' (' || pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(C.oid)) || ' data)'

END AS "size (data)",

COALESCE(T.tablespace, I.tablespace, '') AS "tablespace"

FROM pg_class C

LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON (N.oid = C.relnamespace)

LEFT JOIN pg_tables T ON (T.tablename = C.relname)

LEFT JOIN pg_indexes I ON (I.indexname = C.relname)

LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace TS ON TS.spcname = T.tablespace

LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace XS ON XS.spcname = I.tablespace

WHERE nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog','pg_toast','information_schema')

AND COALESCE(T.tablespace, I.tablespace, '') = 'archive1'

ORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(C.oid) DESC LIMIT 100;

relation | size (data) | tablespace

------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+------------

public.table1 | 172 GB (148 GB data) | archive1

public.table2 | 171 GB (147 GB data) | archive1

public.table3 | 32 GB (32 GB data) | archive1

--SNIP--

Hope this helps you out, took some time to get it to work.

Nagios Check Postgres Table Date Column Against now()

May 15, 2017May 30, 2017 adminLeave a comment

I had a situation where a daily sync of a table from one database to another was failing. This table was updated daily so the query should return something like this when it was synced correctly:

jasondb=# select date, count(*) from table group by date order by date desc limit 1;
    date    | count
------------+--------
 2017-05-15 | 486706
(1 row)

jasondb=# select date, count(*) from table group by date order by date desc limit 1;

date | count

------------+--------

2017-05-15 | 486706

(1 row)

I use Nagios very heavily and I setup a custom plugin to check the query’s date against today’s date, this should warn or critical based on user supplied arguments. Here is what a failure looks like when running from the nagios servers command line. This worked well at alerting me when the sync failed, this was integrated into the nagios subsystem and emails and slack alerts are generated as expected.

[11:54:03] [nagios@nagios ~] $ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_pg_table_DATE.py -u nagios -p secretpass -H hostproddb -d proddb -w 1 -c 2
DATETIME NEGATIVE DELTA: [-4 days, 0:00:00]
DATETIME NOW: [2017-05-15 00:00:00]
DATETIME NOW OF QUERY: [2017-05-11 00:00:00]
DATETIME CRIT VALUE: [2 days, 0:00:00]
DATETIME WARN VALUE: [1 day, 0:00:00]
NAGIOS CRIT: [-4 days, 0:00:00] is greater or equal to [2 days, 0:00:00]

[11:54:03] [nagios@nagios ~] $ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_pg_table_DATE.py -u nagios -p secretpass -H hostproddb -d proddb -w 1 -c 2

DATETIME NEGATIVE DELTA: [-4 days, 0:00:00]

DATETIME NOW: [2017-05-15 00:00:00]

DATETIME NOW OF QUERY: [2017-05-11 00:00:00]

DATETIME CRIT VALUE: [2 days, 0:00:00]

DATETIME WARN VALUE: [1 day, 0:00:00]

NAGIOS CRIT: [-4 days, 0:00:00] is greater or equal to [2 days, 0:00:00]

#!/usr/bin/python

""" MODULE IMPORTS """
""" THIS SCRIPT REQUIRES PSYCOPG2 - INSTALL WITH - 'sudo yum install python-psycopg2' """
import psycopg2
import string
import datetime
import time
import optparse
import sys
import os
import getpass

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """
nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,
                'NagWarn': 1,
                'NagCrit': 2,
                'NagUnknown': 3}

""" COMMAND LINE OPTION PARSING """
usage = "USAGE: python %prog -d DATABASE -u DB_USER -H REMOTE_HOST -p DB_PASSWORD -w -2 -c -3"
parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)
parser.add_option('-d', action="store", default="postgres", help="Database selection", type="string")
parser.add_option('-u', action="store", default="postgres", help="DB User", type="string")
parser.add_option('-H', action="store", default="localhost", help="DB Host system", type="string")
parser.add_option('-p', action="store", default="", help="DB Password", type="string")
parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="-3", help="Critical Date Thresh -nn", type="int")
parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="-2", help="Warning Date Thresh -nn", type="int")
options, args = parser.parse_args()

""" ARG COUNT CHECK """
if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
    parser.print_help()
    sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" TEST DATABASE CONNECTION """
try:
    conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname='%s' user='%s' host='%s' password='%s'" \
    % (options.d, options.u, options.H, options.p))
except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:
    print e
    sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" LOCAL SCOPE FUNCTIONS """
def query_pg_for_date():
    try:
        cur = conn.cursor()
        cur.execute("""select date, count(*) From table group by date order by date desc limit 1;""")
        row = cur.fetchone()
        date_s = row[0]
        cur.close()
        conn.close()
        return date_s.strftime("%Y%m%d")
    except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:
        print ( 'Error %s' % e )
        parser.print_help()
        sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['nagiCrit'])

def get_date_now():
    date_now = time.strftime("%Y%m%d")
    return date_now.split()[0]

""" MAIN FUNCTION """
def main():
    queryDate  = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(query_pg_for_date()), "%Y%m%d")
    actualDate = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(get_date_now()), "%Y%m%d")
    deltaCrit = datetime.timedelta(days=options.c)
    deltaWarn = datetime.timedelta(days=options.w)
    diff = queryDate - actualDate
    print("DATETIME NEGATIVE DELTA: [%s]") % diff
    print("DATETIME NOW: [%s]")            % actualDate
    print("DATETIME NOW OF QUERY: [%s]")   % queryDate
    print("DATETIME CRIT VALUE: [%s]") % deltaCrit
    print("DATETIME WARN VALUE: [%s]")  % deltaWarn

    """ DEFINE LOGIC """
    if diff <= deltaCrit:
        print("NAGIOS CRIT: [%s] is greater or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaCrit)
        sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])
    elif diff <= deltaWarn:
        print("NAGIOS WARN: [%s] is greater than or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaWarn)
        sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagWarn'])
    else:
        print("NAGIOS OK: [%s] is less than or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaCrit)
        sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python

""" MODULE IMPORTS """

""" THIS SCRIPT REQUIRES PSYCOPG2 - INSTALL WITH - 'sudo yum install python-psycopg2' """

import psycopg2

import string

import datetime

import time

import optparse

import sys

import os

import getpass

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """

nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,

'NagWarn': 1,

'NagCrit': 2,

'NagUnknown': 3}

""" COMMAND LINE OPTION PARSING """

usage = "USAGE: python %prog -d DATABASE -u DB_USER -H REMOTE_HOST -p DB_PASSWORD -w -2 -c -3"

parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)

parser.add_option('-d', action="store", default="postgres", help="Database selection", type="string")

parser.add_option('-u', action="store", default="postgres", help="DB User", type="string")

parser.add_option('-H', action="store", default="localhost", help="DB Host system", type="string")

parser.add_option('-p', action="store", default="", help="DB Password", type="string")

parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="-3", help="Critical Date Thresh -nn", type="int")

parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="-2", help="Warning Date Thresh -nn", type="int")

options, args = parser.parse_args()

""" ARG COUNT CHECK """

if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:

parser.print_help()

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" TEST DATABASE CONNECTION """

try:

conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname='%s' user='%s' host='%s' password='%s'" \

% (options.d, options.u, options.H, options.p))

except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:

print e

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" LOCAL SCOPE FUNCTIONS """

def query_pg_for_date():

try:

cur = conn.cursor()

cur.execute("""select date, count(*) From table group by date order by date desc limit 1;""")

row = cur.fetchone()

date_s = row[0]

cur.close()

conn.close()

return date_s.strftime("%Y%m%d")

except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:

print ( 'Error %s' % e )

parser.print_help()

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['nagiCrit'])

def get_date_now():

date_now = time.strftime("%Y%m%d")

return date_now.split()[0]

""" MAIN FUNCTION """

def main():

queryDate = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(query_pg_for_date()), "%Y%m%d")

actualDate = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(get_date_now()), "%Y%m%d")

deltaCrit = datetime.timedelta(days=options.c)

deltaWarn = datetime.timedelta(days=options.w)

diff = queryDate - actualDate

print("DATETIME NEGATIVE DELTA: [%s]") % diff

print("DATETIME NOW: [%s]") % actualDate

print("DATETIME NOW OF QUERY: [%s]") % queryDate

print("DATETIME CRIT VALUE: [%s]") % deltaCrit

print("DATETIME WARN VALUE: [%s]") % deltaWarn

""" DEFINE LOGIC """

if diff <= deltaCrit:

print("NAGIOS CRIT: [%s] is greater or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaCrit)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

elif diff <= deltaWarn:

print("NAGIOS WARN: [%s] is greater than or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaWarn)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagWarn'])

else:

print("NAGIOS OK: [%s] is less than or equal to [%s]") % (diff, deltaCrit)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagOk'])

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

NAGIOS AWS REDSHIFT TABLE COUNT PLUGIN PYTHON

November 22, 2016November 25, 2016 adminLeave a comment

I needed a quick plugin to warn me if one of our AWS REDSHIFT instances had a table count above 6000 and alert critical if above 7000. I decided to write a python plugin for nagios to do the chore. You can see the source code and the example of executing it below on the nagios host.

WARN = 6000
CRIT = 7000

1 2	WARN = 6000 CRIT = 7000

[root@devnagios ~]# /usr/bin/python /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_rs_table_count.py -d awsdevdb \
-H aws-server.redshift.amazonaws.com -u nagios -p password -w 6000 -c 7000
OK!: table count: 694

[root@devnagios ~]# /usr/bin/python /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_rs_table_count.py -d awsdevdb \

-H aws-server.redshift.amazonaws.com -u nagios -p password -w 6000 -c 7000

OK!: table count: 694

[root@devnagios ~]# /usr/bin/python /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_rs_table_count.py -d awsdevdb \
-H aws-server.redshift.amazonaws.com -u nagios -p password -w 100 -c 200
CRIT!: table count: 694

[root@devnagios ~]# /usr/bin/python /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_rs_table_count.py -d awsdevdb \

-H aws-server.redshift.amazonaws.com -u nagios -p password -w 100 -c 200

CRIT!: table count: 694

#!/usr/bin/python
""" MODULE IMPORTS """
import psycopg2
import optparse
import sys

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """
nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,
                'NagWarn': 1,
                'NagCrit': 2,
                'NagUnknown': 3}

""" COMMAND LINE OPTION PARSING """
usage = "USAGE: python %prog -d DATABASE -H REMOTE_HOST -u USER -p DB_PASSWORD -w 6000 -c 7000"
parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)
parser.add_option('-d', action="store", default="postgres", help="Database selection", type="string")
parser.add_option('-u', action="store", default="postgres", help="DB User", type="string")
parser.add_option('-H', action="store", default="localhost", help="DB Host system", type="string")
parser.add_option('-p', action="store", default="", help="DB Password", type="string")
parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="-2", help="Warning threshold int", type="int")
parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="-2", help="critical threshold int", type="int")
options, args = parser.parse_args()

""" ARG COUNT CHECK """
if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
    parser.print_help()
    sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" TEST DATABASE CONNECTION """
try:
    conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname='%s' user='%s' host='%s' password='%s' port='5439'" \
    % (options.d, options.u, options.H, options.p))
except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:
    print('CRIT: Error %s' % e)
    sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" LOCAL SCOPE FUNCTIONS """
def query_rs():
    try:
        cur = conn.cursor()
        cur.execute("""select count(*) from pg_tables;""")
        result = cur.fetchone()
        cast_result = int(result[0])
        warn_thresh = options.w
        crit_thresh = options.c
        if cast_result >= crit_thresh:
            print('CRIT: table count: %d') % result
            sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])
        elif cast_result >= warn_thresh:
            print ('WARN: table count: %d') % result
            sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagWarn'])
        else:
            print('OK!: tables count: %d') % result
    except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:
        return ('CRIT: Error %s' % e)
        sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])
    cur.close()
    conn.close()

""" MAIN FUNCTION """
def main():
        query_rs()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python

""" MODULE IMPORTS """

import psycopg2

import optparse

import sys

""" NAGIOS API RETURN CODES """

nag_ret_dict = {'NagOk': 0,

'NagWarn': 1,

'NagCrit': 2,

'NagUnknown': 3}

""" COMMAND LINE OPTION PARSING """

usage = "USAGE: python %prog -d DATABASE -H REMOTE_HOST -u USER -p DB_PASSWORD -w 6000 -c 7000"

parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=usage)

parser.add_option('-d', action="store", default="postgres", help="Database selection", type="string")

parser.add_option('-u', action="store", default="postgres", help="DB User", type="string")

parser.add_option('-H', action="store", default="localhost", help="DB Host system", type="string")

parser.add_option('-p', action="store", default="", help="DB Password", type="string")

parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="-2", help="Warning threshold int", type="int")

parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="-2", help="critical threshold int", type="int")

options, args = parser.parse_args()

""" ARG COUNT CHECK """

if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:

parser.print_help()

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" TEST DATABASE CONNECTION """

try:

conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname='%s' user='%s' host='%s' password='%s' port='5439'" \

% (options.d, options.u, options.H, options.p))

except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:

print('CRIT: Error %s' % e)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

""" LOCAL SCOPE FUNCTIONS """

def query_rs():

try:

cur = conn.cursor()

cur.execute("""select count(*) from pg_tables;""")

result = cur.fetchone()

cast_result = int(result[0])

warn_thresh = options.w

crit_thresh = options.c

if cast_result >= crit_thresh:

print('CRIT: table count: %d') % result

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

elif cast_result >= warn_thresh:

print ('WARN: table count: %d') % result

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagWarn'])

else:

print('OK!: tables count: %d') % result

except psycopg2.DatabaseError, e:

return ('CRIT: Error %s' % e)

sys.exit(nag_ret_dict['NagCrit'])

cur.close()

conn.close()

""" MAIN FUNCTION """

def main():

query_rs()

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

Python Backup WORDPRESS Site / DATABASE and HTML

May 7, 2016May 7, 2016 adminLeave a comment

I have this blog hosted on a LINODE dedicated LINUX server. It’s about 10 dollars a month for a 1 core system with about 250GB of disk space and 1GB of RAM, this server runs the common LAMP stack, I needed a quick and dirty script to backup MYSQL database and the PHP code contained in the /var/www/html folder. I wanted the script to compress the contents of both and move them into a directory with the correct date. See the comments below outlining the code and the action of running it.

# Linux server kernel version details.
[22:47:51] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # uname -a
Linux jasonralph.jasonralph.org 4.5.0-x86_64-linode65 #2 SMP Mon Mar 14 18:01:58 EDT 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# Linux distro information
[22:52:15] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

# Free output
[22:59:58] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:           991        796        195          0         62        329
-/+ buffers/cache:        403        587
Swap:          511          0        511

# Here you can see the python binary location on the filesystem.
[22:46:36] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # which python
/usr/local/bin/python

# Now you can see the python version I am using. 
[22:46:50] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # python --version
Python 2.7.6

# Long listing of the backup folder I have setup. 
[22:47:48] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # ls -l
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1560 May  7 22:46 wordpress_backup.py

# Linux server kernel version details.

[22:47:51] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # uname -a

Linux jasonralph.jasonralph.org 4.5.0-x86_64-linode65 #2 SMP Mon Mar 14 18:01:58 EDT 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# Linux distro information

[22:52:15] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cat /etc/centos-release

CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

# Free output

[22:59:58] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # free -m

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 991 796 195 0 62 329

-/+ buffers/cache: 403 587

Swap: 511 0 511

# Here you can see the python binary location on the filesystem.

[22:46:36] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # which python

/usr/local/bin/python

# Now you can see the python version I am using.

[22:46:50] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # python --version

Python 2.7.6

# Long listing of the backup folder I have setup.

[22:47:48] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # ls -l

total 4

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1560 May 7 22:46 wordpress_backup.py

# cat of the python script to see the source code. 

[23:02:39] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cat wordpress_backup.py
#!/usr/local/bin/python
import optparse
import os
import datetime
import shutil
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d-%s')
f_date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')

def backup_all_databases():
    args = ['mysqldump', '-u', 'root', '-pPASSWORD', '--all-databases']
    with open("%s.sql.gz" % f_date, 'wb') as f:
        p1 = Popen(args, stdout=PIPE)
        p2 = Popen('gzip', stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=f)
        p1.stdout.close()
        p2.wait()
        p1.wait()

def tar_html_folder():
    output_filename_1 = "%s.html_dir"  % f_date
    output_filename_2 = "%s.html_dir.zip"  % f_date
    dir_name = '/var/www/html'
    dst = "%s" % date
    shutil.make_archive(output_filename_1, 'zip', dir_name)
    shutil.move(output_filename_2, dst)

def main():
    archive_path = "%s" % date
    os.mkdir(archive_path, 0755)
    backup_all_databases()
    src_file = "%s.sql.gz" % f_date
    dst = "%s" % date
    shutil.move(src_file, dst)
    tar_html_folder()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

# cat of the python script to see the source code.

[23:02:39] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cat wordpress_backup.py

#!/usr/local/bin/python

import optparse

import os

import datetime

import shutil

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d-%s')

f_date = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d')

def backup_all_databases():

args = ['mysqldump', '-u', 'root', '-pPASSWORD', '--all-databases']

with open("%s.sql.gz" % f_date, 'wb') as f:

p1 = Popen(args, stdout=PIPE)

p2 = Popen('gzip', stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=f)

p1.stdout.close()

p2.wait()

p1.wait()

def tar_html_folder():

output_filename_1 = "%s.html_dir" % f_date

output_filename_2 = "%s.html_dir.zip" % f_date

dir_name = '/var/www/html'

dst = "%s" % date

shutil.make_archive(output_filename_1, 'zip', dir_name)

shutil.move(output_filename_2, dst)

def main():

archive_path = "%s" % date

os.mkdir(archive_path, 0755)

backup_all_databases()

src_file = "%s.sql.gz" % f_date

dst = "%s" % date

shutil.move(src_file, dst)

tar_html_folder()

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

# Lets execute the script and check the contents of the directory it creates. 
[23:02:41] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # python wordpress_backup.py
-- Warning: Skipping the data of table mysql.event. Specify the --events option explicitly.

# Long listing of the directoy.
[23:03:47] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May  7 23:03 20160507-1462676621
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1059 May  7 23:02 wordpress_backup.py

# Change directory to the newly created folder. 
[23:03:50] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cd 20160507-1462676621/

# Long listing of the files in the newly created folder. 
[23:03:55] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls -l
total 79084
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 80614105 May  7 23:03 20160507.html_dir.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   360709 May  7 23:03 20160507.sql.gz

# Lets execute the script and check the contents of the directory it creates.

[23:02:41] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # python wordpress_backup.py

-- Warning: Skipping the data of table mysql.event. Specify the --events option explicitly.

# Long listing of the directoy.

[23:03:47] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # ls -l

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 7 23:03 20160507-1462676621

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1059 May 7 23:02 wordpress_backup.py

# Change directory to the newly created folder.

[23:03:50] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full # cd 20160507-1462676621/

# Long listing of the files in the newly created folder.

[23:03:55] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls -l

total 79084

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 80614105 May 7 23:03 20160507.html_dir.zip

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 360709 May 7 23:03 20160507.sql.gz

So you can see we generated 2 files in a dated directory, I chose to use both zip and gunzip for compression algoritims. To view the contents you can run the normal linux commands to extract the files.

# unzipping the files using gunzip and zip
[23:03:55] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # unzip 20160507.html_dir.zip && gunzip 20160507.sql.gz

# Long listing of the files 
[23:08:31] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls -l
total 80660
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 80614105 May  7 23:03 20160507.html_dir.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1973075 May  7 23:03 20160507.sql
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 May  7 23:08 jasonralph

# Head command showing the first 10 lines of the sql file. 
[23:11:33] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # head -n 10 20160507.sql
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database:
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.1.73

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

# Long listing of the jasonralph folder in /var/www/html
[23:12:48] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls jasonralph/wordpress/
black_cat_blink.gif  image.jpg    MW_Line.mp4  rh.jpg               wp-admin              wp-config.php         wp-content   wp-links-opml.php  wp-mail.php      wp-settings.php   xmlrpc.php
delete_file.mvg      index.php    out.png      tux_linux_white.jpg  wp-blog-header.php    wp-config.php.bkup    wp-cron.php  wp-load.php        wp-pass.php      wp-signup.php
expolit.svg          license.txt  readme.html  wp-activate.php      wp-comments-post.php  wp-config-sample.php  wp-includes  wp-login.php       wp-register.php  wp-trackback.php

# unzipping the files using gunzip and zip

[23:03:55] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # unzip 20160507.html_dir.zip && gunzip 20160507.sql.gz

# Long listing of the files

[23:08:31] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls -l

total 80660

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 80614105 May 7 23:03 20160507.html_dir.zip

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1973075 May 7 23:03 20160507.sql

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 7 23:08 jasonralph

# Head command showing the first 10 lines of the sql file.

[23:11:33] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # head -n 10 20160507.sql

-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)

-- Host: localhost Database:

-- ------------------------------------------------------

-- Server version 5.1.73

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;

/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

# Long listing of the jasonralph folder in /var/www/html

[23:12:48] root@jasonralph:~/py_backup_site_full/20160507-1462676621 # ls jasonralph/wordpress/

black_cat_blink.gif image.jpg MW_Line.mp4 rh.jpg wp-admin wp-config.php wp-content wp-links-opml.php wp-mail.php wp-settings.php xmlrpc.php

delete_file.mvg index.php out.png tux_linux_white.jpg wp-blog-header.php wp-config.php.bkup wp-cron.php wp-load.php wp-pass.php wp-signup.php

expolit.svg license.txt readme.html wp-activate.php wp-comments-post.php wp-config-sample.php wp-includes wp-login.php wp-register.php wp-trackback.php

So there you have it, I can tar up the entire dated directory for easy offsite backup now of my entire site jasonralph.org. Hope this helps someone, feel free to copy the source code and change at will.

Best,
Jason

Python Mysql Connector

April 27, 2016October 13, 2017 admin1 Comment

Thought I would try my hand at some SQL programming with Python, I was stuck using a Windows machine(BLAH) I wanted to setup a MySQL database and 1 table for testing. I am on a Windows machine so I installed WAMP which is a Windows Apache Mysql Php server. You can get the installer for Windows here:
http://www.wampserver.com/en/

You can get the python library / module here:

Mysql Python
Using PhpMyAdmin I setup a database and added the table.

mysql

As you can see I created a function that added data into my new database. I pass it 4 parameters, id-name-dept-salary, when you execute this script the database gets populated with the correct data. Pretty cool!!

#!/usr/bin/python
from mysql import connector
import optparse

parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('-i', action="store", help="Enter Job ID#", type="int")
parser.add_option('-n', action="store", help="Enter Employee Name", type="string")
parser.add_option('-d', action="store", help="Enter Department", type="string")
parser.add_option('-s', action="store", help="Enter Salary", type="int")
options, args = parser.parse_args()

def databaseAdd(id,name,dept,salary):
    con = connector.Connect(user='jason',
                            password='password',
                            database='jason',
                            host='localhost')
    c = con.cursor()
    table_name = "employee"
    insert = "INSERT INTO " + table_name + " (id,name,dept,salary) \
    VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)"
    data_value = (id,name,dept,salary)
    c.execute(insert, data_value)
    con.commit()
    c.close()
    con.close()

databaseAdd(options.i ,options.n,options.d,options.s)

#!/usr/bin/python

from mysql import connector

import optparse

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

parser.add_option('-i', action="store", help="Enter Job ID#", type="int")

parser.add_option('-n', action="store", help="Enter Employee Name", type="string")

parser.add_option('-d', action="store", help="Enter Department", type="string")

parser.add_option('-s', action="store", help="Enter Salary", type="int")

options, args = parser.parse_args()

def databaseAdd(id,name,dept,salary):

con = connector.Connect(user='jason',

password='password',

database='jason',

host='localhost')

c = con.cursor()

table_name = "employee"

insert = "INSERT INTO " + table_name + " (id,name,dept,salary) \

VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)"

data_value = (id,name,dept,salary)

c.execute(insert, data_value)

con.commit()

c.close()

con.close()

databaseAdd(options.i ,options.n,options.d,options.s)

Here is how you can see the help and call the command properly:
help command

Here is what you can see when performing a select * from the table.
database command

Here is the awesome IDE pyCharm and the results from running the code.
pycharm
Here is an example of how to query that database from the table.

from mysql import connector
import sys
import optparse


parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('--id', action="store", help="Enter ID number", type="int")
options, args = parser.parse_args()


try:
    cnx = connector.Connect(user='jason',
                        password='password',
                        database='jason',
                        host='localhost')
except connector.Error as err:
    print "Connection to Database Failed"
    print err
    sys.exit(1)


cursor = cnx.cursor()
query = "SELECT * from employee WHERE id='%s'" % options.id
cursor.execute(query)
for row in cursor:
    print row

from mysql import connector

import sys

import optparse

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

parser.add_option('--id', action="store", help="Enter ID number", type="int")

options, args = parser.parse_args()

try:

cnx = connector.Connect(user='jason',

password='password',

database='jason',

host='localhost')

except connector.Error as err:

print "Connection to Database Failed"

print err

sys.exit(1)

cursor = cnx.cursor()

query = "SELECT * from employee WHERE id='%s'" % options.id

cursor.execute(query)

for row in cursor:

print row

Here is the output of the fetch command using ID as a parameter:
database command

Took me a while to figure out the syntax, so hopefully this helps someone.
Jason

Nagios Python Plugin Check Lock File Exists

April 23, 2016November 22, 2016 adminLeave a comment

#!/usr/bin/python

import os.path
import time
import datetime
import sys
import optparse

"""Check the status of application lock file to be sure it is not stale, warn at critical at 18000 seconds warn at 10800"""
parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="10800", help="seconds to warn", type="int")
parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="18000", help="seconds to crit", type="int")
options, args = parser.parse_args()

nagOk = 0
nagWarn = 1
nagCrit = 2

try:
    statInfo = os.stat('/opt/application/.sync-lock')
except OSError:
    print("WAITING FOR LOCK FILE")
    sys.exit(nagOk)

now = int(time.time())
statInfoSlice = statInfo[8]
timeDiff = now - statInfoSlice
#print("NOW: %s") % now
#print("FILEAGE: %s") %  statInfoSlice
#print("TIMEDIFF: %s") % timeDiff

if timeDiff > options.c:
    print("CRIT: lock file is older than 5 hours")
    sys.exit(nagCrit)
elif timeDiff > options.w:
    print("WARN: lock file is older than 3 hours")
    sys.exit(nagWarn)
else:
    print("OK: lock file is under 3 hours")
    sys.exit(nagOk)

#!/usr/bin/python

import os.path

import time

import datetime

import sys

import optparse

"""Check the status of application lock file to be sure it is not stale, warn at critical at 18000 seconds warn at 10800"""

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

parser.add_option('-w', action="store", default="10800", help="seconds to warn", type="int")

parser.add_option('-c', action="store", default="18000", help="seconds to crit", type="int")

options, args = parser.parse_args()

nagOk = 0

nagWarn = 1

nagCrit = 2

try:

statInfo = os.stat('/opt/application/.sync-lock')

except OSError:

print("WAITING FOR LOCK FILE")

sys.exit(nagOk)

now = int(time.time())

statInfoSlice = statInfo[8]

timeDiff = now - statInfoSlice

#print("NOW: %s") % now

#print("FILEAGE: %s") % statInfoSlice

#print("TIMEDIFF: %s") % timeDiff

if timeDiff > options.c:

print("CRIT: lock file is older than 5 hours")

sys.exit(nagCrit)

elif timeDiff > options.w:

print("WARN: lock file is older than 3 hours")

sys.exit(nagWarn)

else:

print("OK: lock file is under 3 hours")

sys.exit(nagOk)

Jason R. Ralph

Linux All Day Everyday

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